Tiddlywinks • Origins & Evolution of the Noble & Royal Game

© 2023 Rick Tucker • All Rights Reserved



Securing the Patent and Trademark for Tiddledy-Winks

The game’s afoot! [William Shakespeare, King Henry the Fifth, Act III, I, 31.] Tiddlywinks was first patented in England by Joseph Assheton Fincher of London as A New and Improved Game, though neither the patent title nor description use the words Tiddledy-winks or tiddlywinks nor anything similar. The patent application was filed on 8 November 1888 as a provisional specification, the complete specification left on 8 August 1889, and it was accepted by the UK as an approved patent on 19 October 1889 (England patent 16,215 in 1888.)
[+template:(Tucker Tw ID • [+xmp:title+] — publisher • [+iptc:source+] — title • [+xmp:headline])+]
Fincher's 1888 patent in England for A New and Improved Game

Fincher submitted his application for TIDDLEDY-WINKS as a trademark in England on 29 January 1889, and it was approved the week of 6–12 March 1890 (# 85,800). According to The Trade Marks Registration Act, 1875, trademarks expired after 14 years from the registration date. It is not yet known whether this trademark was renewed. In any case, the trademark is no longer in effect.

[+template:(Tucker Tw ID • [+xmp:title+] — publisher • [+iptc:source+] — title • [+xmp:headline])+]
trademark design • TIDDLEDY-WINKS
application date • 29 January 1889
Trade Marks Journal, London, England • 15 May 1889 • page 476
note • trademark not yet approved as of this date
photograph by • Rick Tucker
status • public domain
[+template:(Tucker Tw ID • [+xmp:title+] — publisher • [+iptc:source+] — title • [+xmp:headline])+]
trademark design • TIDDLEDY-WINKS
registration date • week of 6–12 March 1890
Trade Marks Journal, London, England • 19 March 1890 • page 262
photographs by • Rick Tucker
status • public domain

Fincher’s pivotal role as the owner of the first tiddlywinks patent and thereby as the catalyst in setting the world on fire with tiddlywinks fever and fervor (at least for the next decade) may have been purely an opportunistic or perhaps accidental move on his part.  Fincher is not known to have designed or invented any other games. As it turns out, Fincher also patented (in 1890) “Improvements in Sleeve Links”. For the record, sleeve links are also known as cufflinks. Ho hum. And in 1897, Fincher tried to patent a variety of candlesticks, but the application was rejected. Never mind. We will always remember Fincher as the inventor of the unique game of tiddlywinks.

Over eighty patents have been approved for tiddlywinks games since Fincher’s application. In fact, the Cooperative Patent Classification system developed jointly by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the European Patent Office has a subclass expressly for tiddlywinks:

  • CPC A63: Sports; Games; Amusements
    • CPC A63F: Card, Board, or Roulette Games; Indoor Games Using Small Moving Bodies; Video Games; Games not otherwise provided for

And there have been about 84 patents worldwide to date for tiddlywinks games, including 52 in the US.

No copyrights by Fincher for Tiddledy-Winks have been located.


Getting to Know J. A. Fincher

Joseph Assheton Fincher, the inventor of the game of Tiddledy-Winks, was born on 21 July 1863 in the village of Longparish near the town of Andover in the English county of Hampshire. He was the son of Reverend Joseph Guillemard Fincher (1830–1875) and Isabella Anne Blythe (1831–1880) and had three sisters, Isabella, Lilian, and Dorothy. His father was a Reverend of the Church of England, an incumbent of St. Peter’s Church in the village of Sea View near the town of Ryde on the Isle of Wight in 1871 and later the Perpetual Curate of St. Peter’s. As of 1881, J. A. Fincher was a student and boarder at St. Edward’s School on Woodstock Road in Oxford, England. As of 1891, he worked as a bank clerk and lived in the Odsey Grange building in the village of Guilden Morden in the English county of Cambridgeshire. On 8 November 1888 when Fincher delivered his provisional specification for patenting the game to Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, he was 25 years old and lived at 114 Oxford Street at its corner with Berners Street in London’s West End, just a few blocks east of Oxford Circus (though it was called Regent Circus North at the time). He submitted the complete patent specification on 7 August 1889 when he lived at 9 Berners Street near Eastcastle Street in London, just a minute’s walk from his residence the year before. In 1890, he lived at Lampard Brook near Framlington in Suffolk county, a hundred miles northeast of London. He died on 14 July 1900 at the young age of 36 on the “Platform at Waterloo Station, Lambeth”, in Central London, of “Convulsions from Congestion of the Brain“. At the time, his occupation was a “Manufacturer’s Manager at Brookland Villas”. Given that tiddlywinks became a phenomenal craze in the UK and US and elsewhere throughout the 1890s, we hope he enjoyed watching the game he invented become a worldwide success and classic game for the ages.
[+template:(Tucker Tw ID • [+xmp:title+] — publisher • [+iptc:source+] — title • [+xmp:headline])+]
certificate • of birth
for • Joseph Assheton Fincher
born • 21 July 1863
location • Longparish
[+template:(Tucker Tw ID • [+xmp:title+] — publisher • [+iptc:source+] — title • [+xmp:headline])+]
certificate • of death
for • Joseph Assheton Fincher
died • 14 July 1900
location • Platform at Waterloo Station, Lambeth
  • Certificate Copy of an Entry of Live Birth for Joseph Assheton Fincher, General Records Office, England
  • 1881 England Census, Ancestry.com
  • 1888 England patent 85,800
  • 1891 England Census, Ancestry.com
  • Certificate Copy of an Entry of Death for Joseph Assheton Fincher, General Records Office, England

Navigating Chapters